My dissertation, "Beyond the Boundaries: Race, Sport, and Citizenship Abroad in the Black Press, 1920-1950," shows how African American sportswriters and journalists documented the migration of African American baseball players to Latin America in the first half of the twentieth-century. Between 1920 and 1950, hundreds of African American ballplayers traveled to nations like Cuba and Mexico in search of better pay and improved working conditions. Meanwhile, sportswriters and editors ascribed meaning to the athletes’ movement in newspapers and magazines. Through columns, op-eds, photographs, and box scores, the black press transformed the sports pages into a dynamic site of citizenship politics and more importantly, as a forum to discuss race in an international context. Journalists noted greater access to accommodations, highlighted celebrity status, and lauded athletic achievement abroad to show how African American sportsmen could thrive in societies absent of Jim Crow’s color line.